The system under study must be used near the human body and the health risk must be taken into account. The Gemtex laboratory has contributed its skills to obtain a thread that is particularly well suited to the objective set, a thread with a Litz structure totally covered with polyamide filaments. In addition, they must also be able to withstand the stresses associated with the use of industrial embroidery machines. The choice of these wires results from a compromise between the electrical properties of conduction and the mechanical properties guaranteeing a good flexibility and washability. The constraints are completely different in the wearable domain since antennas made of conductive textile wires have to be developed. In the power range of the order of a Watt or less, antennas similar to printed circuit boards (PCB) made of copper tracks are commonly used for the above mentioned systems. The antennas used consist of flat spiral loops made with conductors of more or less large cross-section depending on the powers involved. These three cases are characterized by the use of a recharge source connected to the electrical energy network and the controlled placement of the elements to be connected and in particular the distance separating them. Over the last ten years, a lot of work has been done to recharge the battery of a smartphone, a biomedical device or a vehicle. A well-known scientific solution for contactless energy transfer is to use the principle of magnetic induction. As simple as this idea is, it is still subject to multiple pitfalls. It is important that the whole operation is В«В contactlessВ В» in order to definitively solve the problem of batteries that do not pass through the washing machine as well as that of the ohmic connections of the object which still represents a great weakness for all the В«В wearableВ В» systems.

Thus, the objective is to allow the smartphone to reach all low energy consuming objects by developing clothing capable of playing the role of В«В relayВ В» or В«В couplerВ В» between these two entities. The idea is to develop energy distribution structures that will enable this technology to be used more widely in the so-called В«В wearableВ В» context. However, it is limited to a few millimeters of distance. The choice fell on the NFC (Near Field Communication) contactless technology which allows, at the same time, to power an object without battery and to communicate with it, at least at low speed.

The simulations and measurements were carried out using the resources of the CEM and SIGMACOM platforms. It is this part that is discussed in the rest of this article. It includes a В«В high-speed data transmissionВ В» part (IEMN-DOME group) and a В«В power distributionВ В» part (IEMN-CSAM group). They are part of the ANR CONTEXT (CONnected TEXTile) project bringing together researchers from IEMN, GEMTEX (ENSAIT, Ecole Nationale SupГ©rieure des Arts et Industries Textiles de Roubaix) and LEAT (Laboratoire dвЂ™Electronique, Antennes et TГ©lГ©communications de Nice). Our research aims at exploiting the potential of energy stored in the battery of a smartphone by establishing a textile bridge between it and these other small objects. Other objects may need to be carried on oneвЂ™s person such as sensors for physiological parameters, cameras, access cards, вЂ¦. Today, individuals carry a smartphone with them everywhere. The ability to communicate between objects on the one hand and the availability of energy sources on the other. Two difficulties are holding back the implementation of the Internet of Things.

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